Menthone

Molecular & Flavor Profile
Common name: Menthone
IUPAC name: (2S,5R)-5-methyl-2-propan-2-ylcyclohexan-1-one
SMILES: CC1CCC(C(=O)C1)C(C)C
CAS: 14073-97-3, 89-80-5
Flavor Profile: menthol, camphor, peppermint, deep, herbal, raspberry, bitter, camphoraceous
FEMA Flavor Profile: Green , Fresh , Mint
FEMA Number: 2667
Taste: bitter
Odor: slight peppermint odor
characteristic odor similar to menthol
Functional Groups: carbonyl compound, ketone
View JSmol
Search Similar in FlavorDB ZINC Similarity Search

External IDs  

PubChem ID: 26447
FooDB ID: FDB013800
SuperSweet ID: NA
BitterDB ID: 299

Download as:
Mol2 2D Image SDF JSON

Entities that contain Menthone

  • Bread
  • Barley
  • Oats
  • Rice
  • Corn
  • Chamomile
  • Hyssop Oil
  • Lemon Grass
  • Lovage
  • Sea Buckthorns
  • Kelp
  • Artichoke
  • Apple
  • Apricot
  • Avocado
  • Banana
  • Cherimoya
  • Coconut
  • Black Currant
  • Red Currant
  • Dates
  • Durian
  • Elderberry
  • Feijoa
  • Fig
  • Grape
  • Guava
  • Hogplum
  • Jackfruit
  • Kiwifruit
  • Litchi
  • Loquat
  • Mango
  • Melon
  • Musk Melon
  • Naranjilla
  • Orange
  • Papaya
  • Passionfruit
  • Peach
  • Pear
  • Prickly Pear
  • Pineapple
  • Plum
  • Pumpkin
  • Quince
  • Roseapple
  • Sapodilla
  • Soursop
  • Starfruit
  • Tamarind
  • Bilberry
  • Blackberry
  • Blueberry
  • Cherry
  • Bitter Cherry
  • Sour Cherry
  • Cloudberry
  • Cranberry
  • Gooseberry
  • Lingonberry
  • Loganberry
  • Raspberry
  • Strawberry
  • Grapefruit
  • Kumquat
  • Lemon
  • Lime
  • Mandarin Orange
  • Vanilla
  • Mushroom
  • Angelica
  • Artemisia
  • Basil
  • Buckwheat
  • Chervil
  • Coriander
  • Cornmint
  • Dill
  • Fennel
  • Fenugreek
  • Garlic
  • Lemon Balm
  • Mint
  • Rhubarb
  • Rosemary
  • Sage
  • Spearmint
  • Tarragon
  • Thyme
  • Almond
  • Brazil Nut
  • Cocoa
  • Beans
  • Lima Beans
  • Peanut
  • Peas
  • Soybean
  • Hazelnut
  • Macadamia Nut
  • Pecans
  • Walnut
  • Sesame
  • Chicory
  • Laurel
  • Olive
  • Pine
  • Tea
  • Watercress
  • Rye
  • Anise
  • Star Anise
  • Cardamom
  • Cassia
  • Celery
  • Cinnamon
  • Clove
  • Cumin
  • Ginger
  • Marjoram
  • Nutmeg
  • Oregano
  • Parsley
  • Pepper
  • Saffron
  • Turmeric
  • Green Beans
  • Chive
  • Endive
  • Leek
  • Lettuce
  • Okra
  • Onion
  • Shallot
  • Peppermint
  • Broccoli
  • Brussels Sprout
  • Cabbage
  • Cauliflower
  • Horseradish
  • Mustard
  • Radish
  • Turnip
  • Kohlrabi
  • Rutabaga
  • Wasabi
  • Capsicum
  • Tomato
  • Chayote
  • Cucumber
  • Beetroot
  • Carrot
  • Parsnip
  • Sweet Potato
  • Asparagus
  • Cassava
  • Potato
  • Allspice
  • Ashgourd
  • Bittergourd
  • Bottlegourd
  • Canola Oil
  • Carom Seed
  • Chard
  • Eggplant
  • Flaxseed
  • Lotus
  • Pomegranate
  • Poppy Seed
  • Spinach
  • Water Chestnut
  • Pigeon Pea
  • Silver linden
  • redskin onion
  • Lemon verbena
  • Cashew nut
  • Burdock
  • Borage
  • Capers
  • Safflower
  • Chestnut
  • Chickpea
  • Pummelo
  • Japanese persimmon
  • Black crowberry
  • Rocket salad
  • Tartary buckwheat
  • Black huckleberry
  • Sunflower
  • Swamp cabbage
  • Grass pea
  • Lentils
  • Garden cress
  • Mexican oregano
  • Lupine
  • Medlar
  • Mulberry
  • Black mulberry
  • Evening primrose
  • Millet
  • Scarlet bean
  • Pistachio
  • Purslane
  • Red raspberry
  • Black raspberry
  • Sorrel
  • Summer savory
  • Winter savory
  • Cherry tomato
  • Rowanberry
  • Sorghum
  • Dandelion
  • Linden
  • Small leaf linden
  • Wheat
  • Sparkleberry
  • Common verbena
  • Adzuki bean
  • Gram bean
  • Mung bean
  • Climbing bean
  • Muscadine grape
  • Bayberry
  • Elliott's blueberry
  • Canada blueberry
  • Buffalo currant
  • Deerberry
  • Ginseng
  • Longan
  • Pepper C. baccatum
  • Pepper C. chinense
  • Rambutan
  • Red rice
  • Annual wild rice
  • Welsh onion
  • Hard wheat
  • Triticale
  • Komatsuna
  • Pak choy
  • Jostaberry
  • Kai lan
  • Pineappple sage
  • Skunk currant
  • Breakfast cereal
  • Pasta
  • Biscuit
  • Sourdough
  • Abalone
  • Abiyuch
  • Acerola
  • Acorn
  • Winter squash
  • Agar
  • Alfalfa
  • Amaranth
  • Arrowhead
  • Arrowroot
  • Atlantic herring
  • Bamboo shoots
  • Beech nut
  • Breadfruit
  • Breadnut tree seed
  • Rapini
  • Burbot
  • Giant butterbur
  • American butterfish
  • Butternut
  • Butternut squash
  • Cardoon
  • Natal plum
  • Carob
  • Chia
  • Chinese chestnut
  • Garland chrysanthemum
  • Corn salad
  • Cottonseed
  • Catjang pea
  • Squashberry
  • Devilfish
  • Dock
  • Oregon yampah
  • European chestnut
  • Fireweed
  • Ginkgo nuts
  • Groundcherry
  • Hyacinth bean
  • Irish moss
  • Japanese chestnut
  • Jerusalem artichoke
  • Jujube
  • Jute
  • Kale
  • Lambsquarters
  • White lupine
  • Malabar spinach
  • Mammee apple
  • Purple mangosteen
  • Alpine sweetvetch
  • Moth bean
  • Mountain yam
  • New Zealand spinach
  • Nopal
  • Ohelo berry
  • Common persimmon
  • Pili nut
  • Colorado pinyon
  • Pitanga
  • French plantain
  • American pokeweed
  • Prairie turnip
  • Quinoa
  • Malabar plum
  • Rose hip
  • Roselle
  • Salmonberry
  • Common salsify
  • Sesbania flower
  • Hedge mustard
  • Spelt
  • Spirulina
  • Taro
  • Teff
  • Mexican groundcherry
  • Towel gourd
  • Wild rice
  • Tea leaf willow
  • Winged bean
  • Yam
  • Jicama
  • Yautia
  • Black-eyed pea
  • Alaska wild rhubarb
  • Oriental wheat
  • Yardlong bean
  • Great horned owl
  • Boysenberry
  • Rowal
  • Jew's ear
  • Shiitake
  • Purple laver
  • Wakame
  • Enokitake
  • Epazote
  • Oyster mushroom
  • Cloud ear fungus
  • Maitake
  • Ostrich fern
  • Sourdock
  • Tinda
  • Agave
  • Narrowleaf cattail
  • Chanterelle
  • Oil palm
  • Sago palm
  • Persimmon
  • Black salsify
  • Red algae
  • Kombu
  • Thistle
  • Conch
  • Horned melon
  • Mixed nuts
  • Babassu palm
  • Cupuau
  • Shea tree
  • Oil-seed Camellia
  • Ucuhuba
  • Nance
  • Tree fern
  • Greenthread tea
  • Yellow pond lily
  • Chinese bayberry
  • Green zucchini
  • Yellow zucchini
  • Saskatoon berry
  • Nanking cherry
  • Japanese pumpkin
  • Cucurbita

Physicochemical Properties

  • Molecular weight: 154.253 g/mol
  • HBD count: 0
  • HBA count: 1
  • Number of rotatable bonds: 1
  • Complexity: 149.0
  • Topological Polor Surface Area: 17.1 A^2
  • Monoisotopic Mass: 154.136 g/mol
  • Exact Mass: 154.136 g/mol
  • XlogP: 2.7
  • Charge: 0 C(coulomb)
  • Heavy Atom Count: 11
  • Atom Stereocenter Count: 2
  • Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 2
  • Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
  • Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
  • Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
  • Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
  • Isotope Atom Count: 0
  • Covalently Bonded Unit Count: 1
  • InChI: InChI=1S/C10H18O/c1-7(2)9-5-4-8(3)6-10(9)11/h7-9H,4-6H2,1-3H3/t8-,9+/m1/s1
  • Volume 3D: 132.8

Nomenclature

  • Common name: Menthone
  • IUPAC name: (2S,5R)-5-methyl-2-propan-2-ylcyclohexan-1-one
  • CAS numbers: 14073-97-3, 89-80-5
  • SMILES: CC1CCC(C(=O)C1)C(C)C
  • InChI: InChI=1S/C10H18O/c1-7(2)9-5-4-8(3)6-10(9)11/h7-9H,4-6H2,1-3H3/t8-,9+/m1/s1
  • FlavorDB/FEMA name: MENTHONE
  • Synonyms: 2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-cyclohexanone; p-Menthan-3-one; Cyclohexanone, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-, trans-; p-men-than-3-one, trans-; trans- Menthan-3-one; trans-p-Menthan-3-one; Menthone; p-Menthone; trans-Menthone
  • FL number: 7.176
  • NAS number: 2667
  • CoE number: 2035
  • EINECS number: 201-941-1
  • JECFA number: 429

Description

  • Flavor profile: menthol, camphor, peppermint, deep, herbal, raspberry, bitter, camphoraceous
  • FooDB flavor profile: herbal, peppermint, bitter, menthol, camphoraceous, raspberry, deep, camphor
  • FEMA flavor profile: Green, Fresh, Mint
  • Odor: slight peppermint odor
    characteristic odor similar to menthol
  • Taste: bitter
  • Functional groups: carbonyl compound, ketone
  • Bitter compound: Yes
  • Source description: Menthone has a characteristic mint-like odor

Regulatory Status

  • CoE status: 50 ppm
  • FDA status: 21 CFR 172.515
  • JECFA status: Acceptable. No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavoring agent (1998)

Aroma/Taste Threshold Values

  • Aroma threshold values: minty, cooling, sweet, refreshing, peppermint fresh, slightly dirty woody, camphoraceous with a green herbal anise nuance
  • Taste threshold values: Taste characteristics at 50 ppm; cooling, peppermint, fresh green, minty, herbal, dirty mentholic with a refreshing camphoraceous nuance

Natural Occurence

  • Occurrence summary: Naturally occurring; Reported in 378 FlavorDB source entities
  • Source entity count: 378
  • Representative sources: Bread, Barley, Oats, Rice, Corn, Chamomile, Hyssop Oil, Lemon Grass, Lovage, Sea Buckthorns
  • Documented natural occurrence: Reported found in several stereoisomers in nature; l-menthone is a constituent of the essential oils of Russian and American peppermint, geranium, Andropogon gragrans, Mentha timija and Mentha arvensis; d-menthone is present in the essential oils of Barosma pulchellum, Nepeta japonica Maxim , and others. d-Isomenthone has been reported isolated from Micromeria abis-sinica Benth , Pelargonium tomentosum Jacquin and others; l-isomenthone has been identified in Réunion geranium, Pelargonium capitau and others. Also reported found in lemon peel oil, black currants, celery seed, cinnamon, peppermint, cornmint, pennyroyal and other mentha oils, nutmeg, thymus, cocoa, mushrooms, starfruit, coriander leaf, rice, tarragon, calamus, buckwheat, sweet and bitter fennel, cherimoya, buchu oil, clam and sweet grass oil

Composition

  • Molecular formula: C10H18O
  • Molecular composition: C: 0.779, H: 0.118, O: 0.104
  • Number of atoms: 11

ADMET Properties

  • ADMET Solubility: -3.2960000000000003
  • ADMET Solubility Level: 3.0
  • ADMET BBB: 0.418
  • ADMET BBB Level: 1.0
  • ADMET EXT Hepatotoxic: -7.045719999999999
  • ADMET EXT Hepatotoxic prediction md: False
  • ADMET EXT Hepatotoxic applicability: All properties and OPS components are within expected ranges.
  • ADMET EXT Hepatotoxic applicability md: 7.1447899999999995
  • ADMET EXT Hepatotoxic applicability mdpvalue: 0.991934
  • ADMET Absorption Level: 0.0
  • ADMET EXT PPB: -1.50463
  • ADMET EXT PPB prediction: True
  • ADMET EXT PPB applicability: All properties and OPS components are within expected ranges.
  • ADMET EXT PPB applicability md: 7.259519999999999
  • ADMET EXT PPB applicability mdpvalue: 1.0
  • ADMET unknown AlogP98: 0.0
  • ADMET AlogP98: 2.736
  • ADMET PSA 2D: 17.3

2D/3D Properties

  • Number of atoms: 11
  • Molecular formula: C10H18O
  • Molecular composition: C: 0.779, H: 0.118, O: 0.104
  • Molecular mass: 154.136 g/mol
  • Energy: 10.09 Kcal/M
  • AlogP: 2.736
  • LogD: 2.736
  • Molecular Solubilty: -2.318
  • Number of aromatic bonds: 0
  • Number of aromatic rings: 0
  • Number of H acceptor: 1
  • Number of H acceptor lipinski: 1
  • Number of H donor: 0
  • Number of H donor lipinski: 0
  • Number of H bonds: 0
  • Number of rings: 1
  • Surface area(SA): 187.31 A^2
  • Molecular SASA(Solvent accessible SA): 343.67199999999997 A^2
  • Radius of gyration: 1.3902299999999999 A
  • Molecular 3D SASA: 314.177 A^2

Consumption

  • Consumption: 49,000.00 lb
  • Individual intake: 0.04152 mg/kg/day
  • Trade association guidelines: 8.238 mg
  • IOFI: Nature Identical

Specifications

  • Specifications: (FCC, 1996); Acid value; 1.0; Refractive index; 1.4480–1.453 (25°C); Appearance; Almost colorless liquid; Solubility; Very slightly soluble in water; ; soluble in alcohol and most fixed ; oils; Assay (min); 96% C10H18O; Specific gravity; 0.890–0.894 (25°C) racemic form; ; 0.888–0.895 (25°C) optically active ; form; Boiling point; 207°C

Reported Uses

  • Reported uses (ppm): (FEMA, 1994)
  • Food category usual/max:
    Food categoryUsual (ppm)Max (ppm)
    Alcoholic beverage0.872.59
    Gelatins, puddings30.0040.00
    Baked goods47.8968.10
    Hard candy0.080.08
    Chewing gum14.3414.34
    Nonalcoholic beverages4.225.86
    Frozen dairy15.3222.99
    Soft candy33.2752.97

Synthesis

  • Synthesis: By oxidation of menthol

Physical-Chemical Characteristics

  • Empirical formula / MW: C10H18O/154.25

Details of "Molecular & Flavor Profile" and physicochemical properties were obtained from PubChem Substance & Compound Databases, FooDB, Flavornet, SuperSweet, and BitterDB. 2D/3D and ADMET properties were obtained with Discovery Studio.